FTTx is a access network technology that uses optical fiber directly from the central point to the Home. FTTx offers triple play services voice, video and data.

Modulation and demodulation are fundamental processes in telecommunications that involve the encoding and decoding of information onto a carrier signal.

SONET Synchronous Optical Network Multiplex electrical signals (Digital) from different sources and creates optical carrier (OC). USA, CANADA and JAPAN developed T1 Standard. ANSI develop  SONET. The rest of the world uses a primary rate of E1. ITU-T develop  SDH.…

Prerequisite Multiplexing Optical Fiber PCM PDH SDH Transmission Fundamental WDM Wavelength division Multiplexing (WDM) technique increase the capacity of signal carrying medium. WDM technique assign different frequency / wavelength value to every incoming signal. These signals are multiplexed on a…

SDH It is a transmission method. This method is used in optical fibre transmission system called SDH system. We have already discussed the basic concepts of the transmission system. This video will give you the basic concept of SDH. SDH =…

OPTICAL FIBER Optical fiber is a type of guided medium to transport information from one point to another point.Information travels in the form of light.Data capacity of fiber is very high due to light nature of the signal.It has some…

GPON stands for Gigabit Passive Optical Networks. GPON is a point-to-multipoint access network. It can transport not only Ethernet, ATM and TDM traffic.