a signal is a physical quantity or impulse that transmits information. This could be anything from electrical impulses in electronic devices to light waves in optical communications.
FTTx is a access network technology that uses optical fiber directly from the central point to the Home. FTTx offers triple play services voice, video and data.
Modulation and demodulation are fundamental processes in telecommunications that involve the encoding and decoding of information onto a carrier signal.
SONET Synchronous Optical Network Multiplex electrical signals (Digital) from different sources and creates optical carrier (OC). USA, CANADA and JAPAN developed T1 Standard. ANSI develop SONET. The rest of the world uses a primary rate of E1. ITU-T develop SDH. Topics What is SONET? What is Synchronous Digital Hierarchy? What is SDH? What…
Prerequisite Multiplexing Optical Fiber PCM PDH SDH Transmission Fundamental WDM Wavelength division Multiplexing (WDM) technique increase the capacity of signal carrying medium. WDM technique assign different frequency / wavelength value to every incoming signal. These signals are multiplexed on a single sharing medium. SONET/SDH use TDM technique and transmit data in the form of a…
Solar Panel Installation Basic Components of Solar System Solar Panel Solar Charge controller Inverter Battery Bank Load Calculation 03 energy saver (24 watt) 24*3 = 72 watt + 08 = 80 watt 02 Fan (100 watt) 100*2 = 200 + 20 = 220 watt Load = 220+80 = 300 watt If u want to use…
Computer Ports Computer ports or Motherboard I/O interfaces are used to connect external devices to the computer. These interfaces are mostly located on the back side of the motherboard. Number of Interfaces depends on the size of Motherboard and technology used. PS2 Din Connector PS2 6 pin din connector Green for mouse Purple for keyboard…
SDH It is a transmission method. This method is used in optical fibre transmission system called SDH system. We have already discussed the basic concepts of the transmission system. This video will give you the basic concept of SDH. SDH = Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.EU and Japan standard.A standard for telecommunication transport defined by ITU-T. Prerequisite. Following…
Standards are essential in creating and maintaining an open and competitive market for equipment manufacturers and in guaranteeing national and international interoperability of data and telecommunications technology and processes.
The effectiveness of a data communications system depends on some fundamental factors: delivery, accuracy, Timeliness, Jitter, Error detection & Correction.
Software defined network enables the network to be intelligent, centrally controlled and programmable using software. SDN controllers are used to direct traffic on the network and communicate with the underlying hardware infrastructure.
We have already discussed Optical fiber, Power meter and OTDR in our previous videos. Today we will focus on fiber losses only. Fiber Optic Comm Fiber optic cable is lighter, smaller and flexible than copper cable. It can transmit…